Normally, only one ground control frequency is assigned at an airport however, at locations where the amount of traffic so warrants, a second ground control frequency and/or another frequency designated as a clearance delivery frequency, may be assigned.A pilot who has just landed should not change from the tower frequency to ground control frequency until directed to do so by the controller.They are used for issuance of taxi information, clearances, and other necessary contacts between the tower and aircraft or other vehicles operated on the airport.Ground control frequencies are provided to eliminate frequency congestion on the tower (local control) frequency and are limited to communications between the tower and aircraft on the ground and between the tower and utility vehicles on the airport, provide a clear VHF channel for arriving and departing aircraft.The majority of ground control frequencies are in the 121.6 to 121.9 MHz bandwidth.The tower controller will consider that pilots of turbine-powered aircraft are ready for takeoff when they reach the runway or warm-up block unless advised otherwise.Pilots are encouraged to monitor the local tower frequency as soon as practical consistent with other ATC requirements.Unless otherwise advised by the tower, remain on that frequency during taxiing and run-up, then change to local control frequency when ready to request takeoff clearance.Pilots of departing aircraft should communicate with the control tower on the appropriate ground control/clearance delivery frequency prior to starting engines to receive engine start time, taxi and/or clearance information.If incorrect, distorted, or incomplete, makes corrections as appropriate.Ensures that readbacks by the pilot of altitude, heading, or other items are correct.Ensures acknowledgment by the pilot for issued information, clearances, or instructions.Assigns altitudes in IFR clearances that are at or above the minimum IFR altitudes in controlled airspace.Issues appropriate clearances for the operation to be conducted, or being conducted, in accordance with established criteria.A landing clearance does not relieve the pilot from compliance with any previously issued altitude crossing restriction Note that a clearance to land means that appropriate separation on the landing runway will be ensured.Advises ATC as soon as possible and obtains an amended clearance, if deviation is necessary Promptly complies with an air traffic clearance upon receipt except as necessary to cope with an emergency.Requests clarification or amendment, as appropriate, any time a clearance is not fully understood or considered unacceptable from a safety standpoint.Reads back any hold short of runway instructions issued by ATC.Acknowledges receipt and understanding of an ATC clearance.Since concise phraseology may not always be adequate, use whatever words are necessary to get your message across.Likewise, pilots must know exactly what the controller wants you to do.Controllers must know what you want to do before they can properly carry out their control duties.Brevity is important but not at the price of understanding.It is essential, therefore, that pilots acknowledge each radio communication with ATC by using the appropriate aircraft call sign.The most important thought in communications is understanding.When you release the button, wait a few seconds before calling again as the controller or FSS specialist may be jotting down your number, looking for your flight plan, transmitting on a different frequency, or selecting the transmitter for your frequency.Be clear, concise, accurate, speaking in a normal tone.The microphone should be very close to your lips and after pressing the mike button, a slight pause may be necessary.If it is lengthy e.g., a flight plan or IFR position report, jot it down ahead of your call.
Know what you're going to say before you say it.Many times you can get the information you want through ATIS or by monitoring the frequency.Keying a transmitter when someone is talking will be futile and you will probably jam their receivers causing them to repeat their call.Don't broadcast until you know the frequency is clear or you will jam, or "step on" another call causing them to repeat their call.If you have just changed frequencies, pause, listen, and make sure the frequency is clear.
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